BNS Section 231 - Public Servant Unlawfully Certifying Documents

Whoever, being a public servant, certifies any document as true or correct knowing it to be false or incorrect, shall be punished.

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Bailable, Cognizable

Official Text

Whoever, being a public servant, certifies any document as true or correct knowing it to be false or incorrect, shall be punished.

Legal Analysis

Elements to Prove:

  • Being public servant.
  • Certifying document as true or correct.
  • Knowing it to be false or incorrect.

Potential Defenses:

  • Not a public servant.
  • No false certification.
  • Legitimate certification.

Practical Examples

What Constitutes the Offense:

Government officials certifying false documents, public servants validating incorrect papers, officials attesting to untrue statements.

What Doesn't Constitute:

Legitimate certification, authorized validation, or lawful attestation.

Punishment

Imprisonment up to 2 years, or Fine, or both