BNS Section 232 - Public Servant Unlawfully Witnessing Documents

Whoever, being a public servant, witnesses any document knowing it to be false or forged, shall be punished.

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Bailable, Cognizable

Official Text

Whoever, being a public servant, witnesses any document knowing it to be false or forged, shall be punished.

Legal Analysis

Elements to Prove:

  • Being public servant.
  • Witnessing document.
  • Knowing it to be false or forged.

Potential Defenses:

  • Not a public servant.
  • No false witnessing.
  • Legitimate witnessing.

Practical Examples

What Constitutes the Offense:

Government officials witnessing fake documents, public servants attesting to forged papers, officials validating false instruments.

What Doesn't Constitute:

Legitimate witnessing, authorized attestation, or lawful validation.

Punishment

Imprisonment up to 2 years, or Fine, or both